Adrenal Glands

(Suprarenal Glands)

Your Adrenal GlandsYour Adrenal Glands

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2 golden colored glands 3 to 5 cm in length that lie on top of the kidneys. Each adrenal gland consists of an outer layer (the cortex) and a central core (the medulla).

Cortex

This outer layer produces the following hormones:

  • Aldosterone: The steroid hormone that helps regulate salt balance.
  • Hydrocortisone: The steroid hormone involved in the metabolism of amino acids, fat and glucose to help provide the material and energy for building and repairing tissues.
  • Androgens and Estrogens: The male and female sex hormones respectively (also produced in the testes and ovaries) that determine secondary sexual characteristics (see puberty).

Medulla

This central core produces the following hormones:

  • Epinephrine & Norepinephrine: Together these hormones activate the fight or flight response when you sense danger. Your heart rate increases, blood flow to the muscles increases and glucose is released to give you a burst of energy.

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We don't have amazing facts specific to the adrenal glands. For facts on other glands check out our amazing facts page.

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Endocrine system

Glands

Kidneys